Which factor does NOT influence Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?

The correct answer indicates that exercise frequency does not affect Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR). BMR is the amount of energy expended while at rest in a neutrally temperate environment, and it primarily reflects the energy required for basic physiological functions such as breathing, circulation, and cellular metabolism.

BMR is influenced by several factors, including age, weight, and sex. As individuals age, BMR tends to decrease due in part to a reduction in muscle mass and a shift in hormonal levels. Weight is another critical factor because individuals with greater body mass typically have a higher BMR due to the increased energy required to maintain that mass. Furthermore, sex plays a role because, generally, males have a higher BMR than females, largely attributable to differences in muscle mass and hormone levels.

While exercise frequency can influence total daily energy expenditure and improve muscle mass over time, it does not directly alter the BMR itself. BMR is primarily determined by intrinsic factors, and while regular exercise may lead to an increase in lean body mass, the immediate effects of exercise on BMR are not as significant as the long-term adaptations that may occur with sustained physical activity.