What are the three components of energy expenditure?

The three components of energy expenditure are basal metabolic rate (BMR), physical activity, and the thermic effect of food (TEF).

Basal metabolic rate refers to the number of calories your body needs to maintain basic physiological functions such as breathing, circulation, and cell production while at rest. This is the largest component of energy expenditure in most individuals.

Physical activity encompasses all movements that require energy, including exercise as well as daily activities such as walking, standing, and any other forms of body movement. This component can vary significantly based on an individual's lifestyle and exercise routines.

The thermic effect of food is the energy required for digestion, absorption, and metabolism of food. When you eat, your body uses energy to process and utilize the nutrients, contributing a smaller yet significant portion to overall energy expenditure.

Understanding these three components helps provide a clear picture of how energy is utilized in the body and aids in developing effective weight management strategies.